Unit 3. Reading Comprehension

UGC NET JRF Paper 1 Free Unit-wise Test Series.

Question (6/20)


Direction for Questions (6 to 10):-

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follows: 

Western culture, often synonymous with Western civilization, refers to the social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems and specific artifacts and technologies that have some origin or association with Europe. The roots of Western culture can be traced back to the Classical Period of the Greco-Roman era and the rise of Christianity in the 4th century AD. Over centuries, Western culture has evolved, influenced by the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution.


The Renaissance, a period of renewed interest in art and learning, brought about significant changes in thought and culture. It emphasized humanism, individualism and secularism, which laid the groundwork for modern Western thought. The Reformation challenged the authority of the Catholic Church, leading to religious diversity and the rise of Protestantism. The Enlightenment further propelled Western culture by promoting reason, science and intellectual interchange, which led to advancements in political thought and the development of democratic institutions.


The Industrial Revolution marked a significant turning point, transforming economies from agrarian to industrial and leading to urbanization. This period saw the rise of capitalism, technological innovation and significant social changes. Western culture’s influence has spread globally through colonization, trade and globalization, impacting various aspects of life worldwide.


Despite its contributions, Western culture has also faced criticism for its role in colonialism, cultural imperialism and environmental degradation. The challenge today is to balance the preservation of cultural heritage with the need for global cooperation and sustainability. Understanding Western culture’s complexities and its impact on the world is crucial for fostering a more inclusive and equitable global society.


Q.6. What period emphasized humanism, individualism and secularism in Western culture?

A. The Classical Period

B. The Renaissance

C. The Reformation

D. The Enlightenment


Answer: B


 

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